Planetary gear train of automatic transmission for vehicle

ABSTRACT

A planetary gear train of an automatic transmission for a vehicle may include an input shaft for receiving an engine torque, an output shaft for outputting a shifted torque, a first planetary gear set, a second planetary gear set, a third planetary gear set, a fourth planetary gear set, a first shaft, a second shaft, a third shaft, a fourth shaft directly connected to the input shaft, a fifth shaft, a sixth shaft selectively connectable to the second shaft, a seventh shaft selectively connectable to the second shaft and the fifth shaft respectively, and an eighth shaft selectively connectable to the fifth shaft and directly connected to the output shaft.

CROSS-REFERENCE TO RELATED APPLICATION

The present application claims priority to Korean Patent Application No. 10-2016-0038486, filed Mar. 30, 2016, the entire contents of which is incorporated herein for all purposes by this reference.

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION

Field of the Invention

The present invention relates to an automatic transmission for a vehicle.

Description of Related Art

In the field of an automatic transmission, multiplicity of shift-stages is a useful technology for enhancement of fuel consumption and drivability of a vehicle. Recent increases in oil prices are triggering stiff competition among auto-makers in enhancing fuel consumption of a vehicle.

In this sense, research on an engine has been undertaken to achieve weight reduction and to enhance fuel consumption by so-called downsizing and research on an automatic transmission has been performed to simultaneously provide better drivability and fuel consumption by achieving more shift stages.

In order to achieve more shift stages for an automatic transmission, the number of parts, especially the number of planetary gear sets, is typically increased, which may deteriorate installability, production cost, weight and/or power flow efficiency.

Therefore, development of a planetary gear train capable of achieving maximum efficiency by minimum number of parts is substantially beneficial for maximizing improvement of fuel consumption by multiple shift-stages of an automatic transmission.

In this respect, an eight-speed automatic transmission has been recently introduced, and a planetary gear train for an automatic transmission enabling more shift stages is under investigation.

The information disclosed in this Background of the Invention section is only for enhancement of understanding of the general background of the invention and should not be taken as an acknowledgement or any form of suggestion that this information forms the prior art already known to a person skilled in the art.

BRIEF SUMMARY

Various aspects of the present invention are directed to providing a planetary gear train of an automatic transmission for a vehicle having advantages of obtaining shift-stages of at least the forward ten speeds and at least one reverse speed by minimal number of parts, improving power delivery performance and fuel consumption by multi-stages of an automatic transmission, and improving driving stability of a vehicle by utilizing a low rotation speed of an engine.

According to various aspects of the present invention, a planetary gear train of an automatic transmission for a vehicle may include an input shaft for receiving an engine torque, an output shaft for outputting a shifted torque, a first planetary gear set including first, second, and third rotation elements, a second planetary gear set including fourth, fifth, and sixth rotation elements, a third planetary gear set including seventh, eighth, and ninth rotation elements, a fourth planetary gear set including tenth, eleventh, and twelfth rotation elements, a first shaft interconnecting the first rotation element and the fourth rotation element, a second shaft interconnecting the second rotation element and the sixth rotation element, a third shaft connected to the third rotation element, a fourth shaft interconnecting the fifth rotation element and the seventh rotation element and directly connected to the input shaft, a fifth shaft connected to the eighth rotation element, a sixth shaft interconnecting the ninth rotation element and the eleventh rotation element and selectively connectable to the second shaft, a seventh shaft connected to the tenth rotation element and selectively connectable to the second shaft and the fifth shaft respectively, and an eighth shaft connected to the twelfth rotation element, selectively connectable to the fifth shaft, and directly connected to the output shaft.

The first shaft and the third shaft may be selectively connectable to the transmission housing respectively.

The first, second, and third rotation elements may be a first sun gear, a first planet carrier, and a first ring gear of the first planetary gear set, the fourth, fifth, and sixth rotation elements may be a second sun gear, a second planet carrier, and a second ring gear of the second planetary gear set, the seventh, eighth, and ninth rotation elements may be a third sun gear, a third planet carrier, and a third ring gear of the third planetary gear set, and the tenth, eleventh, and twelfth rotation elements may be a fourth sun gear, a fourth planet carrier, and a fourth ring gear of the fourth planetary gear set.

The planetary gear train may further include a first clutch selectively connecting the fifth shaft and the eighth shaft, a second clutch selectively connecting the second shaft and the sixth shaft, a third clutch selectively connecting the second shaft and the seventh shaft, a fourth clutch selectively connecting the fifth shaft and the seventh shaft, a first brake selectively connecting the first shaft and the transmission housing, and a second brake selectively connecting the third shaft and the transmission housing.

According to various aspects of the present invention, a planetary gear train of an automatic transmission for a vehicle may include an input shaft for receiving an engine torque, an output shaft for outputting a shifted torque, a first planetary gear set including first, second, and third rotation elements, a second planetary gear set including fourth, fifth, and sixth rotation elements, a third planetary gear set including seventh, eighth, and ninth rotation elements, and a fourth planetary gear set including tenth, eleventh, and twelfth rotation elements, in which the input shaft may be directly connected to the fifth rotation element, the output shaft may be directly connected to the twelfth rotation element, the first rotation element may be directly connected to the fourth rotation element, the second rotation element may be directly connected to the sixth rotation element, the fifth rotation element may be directly connected to the seventh rotation element, the ninth rotation element may be directly connected to the eleventh rotation element, the tenth rotation element may be selectively connectable to the sixth rotation element and the eighth rotation element respectively, the eleventh rotation element may be selectively connectable to the sixth rotation element, and the twelfth rotation element may be selectively connectable to the eighth rotation element.

The first rotation element and the third rotation element may be selectively connectable to the transmission housing respectively.

The planetary gear train may further include a first clutch selectively connecting the eighth rotation element and the twelfth rotation element, a second clutch selectively connecting the sixth rotation element and the eleventh rotation element, a third clutch selectively connecting the sixth rotation element and the tenth rotation element, a fourth clutch selectively connecting the eighth rotation element and the tenth rotation element, a first brake selectively connecting the first rotation element and the transmission housing, and a second brake selectively connecting the third rotation element and the transmission housing. According to various embodiments of the present invention, shift-stages of at least forward ten speeds and at least one reverse speed are realized by combination of four planetary gear sets of simple planetary gear sets and six control elements.

In addition, a planetary gear train according to various embodiments of the present invention realizes shift stages appropriate for rotation speed of an engine due to multiple speed-stages of an automatic transmission and improves driving stability of a vehicle by utilizing a low rotation speed of an engine.

Furthermore, a planetary gear train according to various embodiments of the present invention maximizes engine driving efficiency by multiple speed-stages of an automatic transmission, and improves power delivery performance and fuel consumption.

It is understood that the term “vehicle” or “vehicular” or other similar terms as used herein is inclusive of motor vehicles in general such as passenger automobiles including sports utility vehicles (SUV), buses, trucks, various commercial vehicles, watercraft including a variety of boats and ships, aircraft, and the like, and includes hybrid vehicles, electric vehicles, plug-in hybrid electric vehicles, hydrogen-powered vehicles and other alternative fuel vehicles (e.g., fuel derived from resources other than petroleum). As referred to herein, a hybrid vehicle is a vehicle that has two or more sources of power, for example, both gasoline-powered and electric-powered vehicles.

The methods and apparatuses of the present invention have other features and advantages which will be apparent from or are set forth in more detail in the accompanying drawings, which are incorporated herein, and the following Detailed Description, which together serve to explain certain principles of the present invention.

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a planetary gear train according to various embodiments of the present invention.

FIG. 2 is an operational chart for respective control elements at respective shift stages in the planetary gear train according to various embodiments of the present invention.

It should be understood that the appended drawings are not necessarily to scale, presenting a somewhat simplified representation of various features illustrative of the basic principles of the invention. The specific design features of the present invention as disclosed herein, including, for example, specific dimensions, orientations, locations, and shapes will be determined in part by the particular intended application and use environment.

DETAILED DESCRIPTION

Reference will now be made in detail to various embodiments of the present invention(s), examples of which are illustrated in the accompanying drawings and described below. While the invention(s) will be described in conjunction with exemplary embodiments, it will be understood that the present description is not intended to limit the invention(s) to those exemplary embodiments. On the contrary, the invention(s) is/are intended to cover not only the exemplary embodiments, but also various alternatives, modifications, equivalents and other embodiments, which may be included within the spirit and scope of the invention as defined by the appended claims.

FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a planetary gear train according to various embodiments of the present invention.

Referring to FIG. 1, a planetary gear train according to various embodiments of the present invention includes first, second, third, and fourth planetary gear sets PG1, PG2, PG3, and PG4 arranged on a same axis, an input shaft IS, an output shaft OS, eight shafts TM1 to TM8 interconnecting rotation elements of the first, second, third, and fourth planetary gear sets PG1, PG2, PG3, and PG4, four clutches C1 to C4 and two brakes B1 and B2 as control elements, and a transmission housing H.

Torque input from the input shaft IS is shifted by cooperative operation of the first, second, third, and fourth planetary gear sets PG1, PG2, PG3, and PG4, and then output through the output shaft OS

The simple planetary gear sets are arranged in the order of first, first, second, third and fourth planetary gear sets PG1, PG2, PG3 and PG4, from an engine side.

The input shaft IS is an input member and the torque from a crankshaft of an engine, after being torque-converted through a torque converter, is input into the input shaft IS.

The output shaft OS is an output member, and being arranged on a same axis with the input shaft IS, delivers a shifted torque to a drive shaft through a differential apparatus.

The first planetary gear set PG1 is a double pinion planetary gear set, and includes a first sun gear S1, a first planet carrier PC1 that supports a first pinion P1 externally engaged with the first sun gear S1, and a first ring gear R1 internally engaged with the first pinion P1. The first sun gear S1 acts as a first rotation element N1, the first planet carrier PC1 acts as a second rotation element N2, and the first ring gear R1 acts as a third rotation element N3.

The second planetary gear set PG2 is a single pinion planetary gear set, and includes a second sun gear S2, a second planet carrier PC2 that supports a second pinion P2 externally engaged with the second sun gear S2, and a second ring gear R2 internally engaged with the second pinion P2. The second sun gear S2 acts as a fourth rotation element N4, the second planet carrier PC2 acts as a fifth rotation element N4, and the second ring gear R2 acts as a sixth rotation element N6.

The third planetary gear set PG3 is a single pinion planetary gear set, and includes a third sun gear S3, a third planet carrier PC3 that supports a third pinion P3 externally engaged with the third sun gear S3, and a third ring gear R3 internally engaged with the third pinion P3. The third sun gear S3 acts as a seventh rotation element N7, the third planet carrier PC3 acts as a eighth rotation element N8, and the third ring gear R3 acts as a ninth rotation element N9.

The fourth planetary gear set PG4 is a single pinion planetary gear set, and includes a fourth sun gear S4, a fourth planet carrier PC4 that supports a fourth pinion P4 externally engaged with the fourth sun gear S4, and a fourth ring gear R4 internally engaged with the fourth pinion P4. The fourth sun gear S4 acts as a tenth rotation element N10, the fourth planet carrier PC4 acts as a eleventh rotation element N11, and the fourth ring gear R4 acts as a twelfth rotation element N12.

In the arrangement of the first, second, third, and fourth planetary gear sets PG1, PG2, PG3, and PG4, the first rotation element N1 is directly connected with the fourth rotation element N4, the second rotation element N2 is directly connected with the sixth rotation element N6, the fifth rotation element N5 is directly connected with the seventh rotation element N7, and the ninth rotation element N9 is directly connected with the eleventh rotation element N11, by eight shafts TM1 to TM8.

The eight shafts TM1 to TM8 are arranged as follows.

Each of the eight shafts TM1 to TM8 may be a rotational member that interconnects the input and output shafts and rotation elements of the planetary gear sets PG1, PG2, PG3, and PG4, or may be a fixed member fixed to the transmission housing H.

The first shaft TM1 interconnects the first rotation element N1 (the first sun gear S1) and the fourth rotation element N4 (the second sun gear S2), and selectively connectable with the transmission housing H, thereby acting as a selective fixed element.

The second shaft TM2 directly connects the second rotation element N2 (the first planet carrier PC1) and the sixth rotation element N6 (the second ring gear R2).

The third shaft TM3 is connected with the third rotation element N3 (first ring gear R1), and selectively connectable with the transmission housing H, thereby acting as a selective fixed element.

The fourth shaft TM4 directly connects the fifth rotation element N5 (the second planet carrier PC2) and the seventh rotation element N7 (the third sun gear S3), and directly connected with the input shaft IS, thereby continuously acting as an input element.

The fifth shaft TM5 is connected with eighth rotation element N8 (third planet carrier PC3).

The sixth shaft TM6 directly connects the ninth rotation element N9 (the third ring gear R3) and the eleventh rotation element N11 (the fourth planet carrier PC4), and selectively connectable with the second shaft TM2.

The seventh shaft TM7 is connected with the tenth rotation element N10 (fourth sun gear S4), and selectively connectable with the second shaft TM2 and the fifth shaft TM5, respectively.

The eighth shaft TM8 is connected with the twelfth rotation element N12 (fourth ring gear R4), and selectively connectable with the fifth shaft TM5 as well as directly connected with the output shaft OS, thereby continuously acting as an output element.

The eight shafts TM1 to TM8, the input shaft IS, and the output shaft OS may be selectively interconnected with one another by control elements of four clutches C1, C2, C3, and C4.

The shafts TM1 to TM8 may be selectively connectable with the transmission housing H, by control elements of two brakes B1 and B2.

The four clutches C1 to C4 and the two brakes B1 and B2 are arranged as follows.

The first clutch C1 is arranged between the fifth shaft TM5 and the eighth shaft TM8, so as to selectively connecting the fifth shaft TM5 and the eighth shaft TM8 for power delivery.

The second clutch C2 is arranged between the second shaft TM2 and the sixth shaft TM6, so as to selectively connecting the second shaft TM2 and the sixth shaft TM6 for power delivery.

The third clutch C3 is arranged between the second shaft TM2 and the seventh shaft TM7, so as to selectively connecting the second shaft TM2 and the seventh shaft TM7 for power delivery.

The fourth clutch C4 is arranged between the fifth shaft TM5 and the seventh shaft TM7, so as to selectively connecting the fifth shaft TM5 and the seventh shaft TM7 for power delivery.

The first brake B1 is arranged between the first shaft TM1 and the transmission housing H, such that the first shaft TM1 may selectively act as a fixed element.

The second brake B2 is arranged between the third shaft TM3 and the transmission housing H, such that the third shaft TM3 may selectively act as a fixed element.

The control elements of the first, second, third, and fourth clutches C1, C2, C3, and C4 and the first and second brakes B1 and B2 may be realized as multi-plate hydraulic pressure friction devices that are frictionally engaged by hydraulic pressure.

FIG. 2 is an operational chart for respective control elements at respective shift stages in the planetary gear train according to various embodiments of the present invention.

Referring to FIG. 2, a planetary gear train according to various embodiments of the present invention realizes forward ten speeds and one reverse speed by operating three control elements among the first, second, third, and fourth clutches C1, C2, C3, and C4 and the first and second brakes B1 and B2 at respective shift-stages.

In the forward first speed shift-stage D1, the second and fourth clutches C2 and C4 and the second brake B2 are operated.

As a result, the second shaft TM2 is interconnected with the sixth shaft TM6 by the operation of the second clutch C2, and the fifth shaft TM5 is interconnected with the seventh shaft TM7 by the operation of the fourth clutch C4. In this state, torque of the Input shaft IS is input to the fourth shaft TM4, and the third shaft TM3 acts as a fixed element by the operation of the second brake B2, thereby realizing the forward first speed and outputting a shifted torque through the output shaft OS connected with the eighth shaft TM8.

In the forward second speed shift-stage D2, the second and third clutches C2 and C3 and the second brake B2 are operated.

As a result, the second shaft TM2 is interconnected with the sixth shaft TM6 by the operation of the second clutch C2, and the second shaft TM2 is interconnected with the seventh shaft TM7 by the operation of the third clutch C3. In this state, torque of the Input shaft IS is input to the fourth shaft TM4, and the third shaft TM3 acts as a fixed element by the operation of the second brake B2, thereby realizing the forward second speed and outputting a shifted torque through the output shaft OS connected with the eighth shaft TM8.

In the forward third speed shift-stage D3, the first and second clutches C1 and C2 and the second brake B2 are operated.

As a result, the fifth shaft TM5 is interconnected with the eighth shaft TM8 by the operation of the first clutch C1, and the second shaft TM2 is interconnected with the sixth shaft TM6 by the operation of the second clutch C2. In this state, torque of the Input shaft IS is input to the fourth shaft TM4, and the third shaft TM3 acts as a fixed element by the operation of the second brake B2, thereby realizing the forward third speed and outputting a shifted torque through the output shaft OS connected with the eighth shaft TM8.

In the forward fourth speed shift-stage D4, the first and third clutches C1 and C3 and the second brake B2 are operated.

As a result, the fifth shaft TM5 is interconnected with the eighth shaft TM8 by the operation of the first clutch C1, and the second shaft TM2 is interconnected with the seventh shaft TM7 by the operation of the third clutch C3. In this state, torque of the Input shaft IS is input to the fourth shaft TM4, and the third shaft TM3 acts as a fixed element by the operation of the second brake B2, thereby realizing the forward fourth speed and outputting a shifted torque through the output shaft OS connected with the eighth shaft TM8.

In the forward fifth speed shift-stage D5, the first, second, and third clutches C1, C2, and C3 are operated.

As a result, the fifth shaft TM5 is interconnected with the eighth shaft TM8 by the operation of the first clutch C1, the second shaft TM2 is interconnected with the sixth shaft TM6 by the operation of the second clutch C2, and the second shaft TM2 is interconnected with the seventh shaft TM7 by the operation of the third clutch C3. In this case, entire planetary gear sets PG1, PG2, PG3, and PG4 integrally or monolitcally rotates, and a torque inputted through the fourth shaft TM4 is outputted as inputted, thereby forming the forward fifth speed and outputting the inputted torque to the output shaft OS connected with the eighth shaft TM8.

In the forward sixth speed shift-stage D6, the first and third clutches C1 and C3 and the first brake B1 are operated.

As a result, the fifth shaft TM5 is interconnected with the eighth shaft TM8 by the operation of the first clutch C1, and the second shaft TM2 is interconnected with the seventh shaft TM7 by the operation of the third clutch C3. In this state, torque of the Input shaft IS is input to the fourth shaft TM4, and the first shaft TM1 acts as a fixed element by the operation of the first brake B1, thereby realizing the forward sixth speed and outputting a shifted torque through the output shaft OS connected with the eighth shaft TM8.

In the forward seventh speed shift-stage D7, the first and second clutches C1 and C2 and the first brake B1 are operated.

As a result, the fifth shaft TM5 is interconnected with the eighth shaft TM8 by the operation of the first clutch C1, and the second shaft TM2 is interconnected with the sixth shaft TM6 by the operation of the second clutch C2. In this state, torque of the Input shaft IS is input to the fourth shaft TM4, and the first shaft TM1 acts as a fixed element by the operation of the first brake B1, thereby realizing the forward seventh speed and outputting a shifted torque through the output shaft OS connected with the eighth shaft TM8.

In the forward eighth speed shift-stage D8, the second and third clutches C2 and C3 and the first brake B1 are operated.

As a result, the second shaft TM2 is interconnected with the sixth shaft TM6 by the operation of the second clutch C2, and the second shaft TM2 is interconnected with the seventh shaft TM7 by the operation of the third clutch C3. In this state, torque of the Input shaft IS is input to the fourth shaft TM4, and the first shaft TM1 acts as a fixed element by the operation of the first brake B1, thereby realizing the forward eighth speed and outputting a shifted torque through the output shaft OS connected with the eighth shaft TM8.

In the forward ninth speed shift-stage D9, the second and fourth clutches C2 and C4 and the first brake B1 are operated.

As a result, the second shaft TM2 is interconnected with the sixth shaft TM6 by the operation of the second clutch C2, and the fifth shaft TM5 is interconnected with the seventh shaft TM7 by the operation of the fourth clutch C4. In this state, torque of the Input shaft IS is input to the fourth shaft TM4, and the first shaft TM1 acts as a fixed element by the operation of the first brake B1, thereby realizing the forward ninth speed and outputting a shifted torque through the output shaft OS connected with the eighth shaft TM8.

In the forward tenth speed shift-stage D10, the third and fourth clutches C3 and C4 and the first brake B1 are operated.

As a result, the second shaft TM2 is interconnected with the seventh shaft TM7 by the operation of the third clutch C3, and the fifth shaft TM5 is interconnected with the seventh shaft TM7 by the operation of the fourth clutch C4. In this state, torque of the Input shaft IS is input to the fourth shaft TM4, and the first shaft TM1 acts as a fixed element by the operation of the first brake B1, thereby realizing the forward tenth speed and outputting a shifted torque through the output shaft OS connected with the eighth shaft TM8.

In the reverse speed REV, the third, fourth clutch C3 and C4 and the second brake B2 are operated.

As a result, the second shaft TM2 is interconnected with the seventh shaft TM7 by the operation of the third clutch C3, and the fifth shaft TM5 is interconnected with the seventh shaft TM7 by the operation of the fourth clutch C4. In this state, torque of the Input shaft IS is input to the fourth shaft TM4, and the third shaft TM3 acts as a fixed element by the operation of the second brake B2, thereby realizing the reverse speed and outputting a shifted torque through the output shaft OS connected with the eighth shaft TM8.

As described above, a planetary gear train according to various embodiments of the present invention realizes at least forward ten speeds and at least one reverse speed formed by operating four planetary gear sets PG1, PG2, PG3, and PG4 by controlling the four clutches C1, C2, C3, and C4 and the two brakes B1 and B2.

In addition, a planetary gear train according to various embodiments of the present invention realizes shift stages appropriate for rotation speed of an engine due to multiple speed-stages of an automatic transmission and improves driving stability of a vehicle by utilizing a low rotation speed of an engine.

Furthermore, a planetary gear train according to various embodiments of the present invention maximizes engine driving efficiency by achieving multiple speed-stages of an automatic transmission, and improves power delivery performance and fuel consumption.

The foregoing descriptions of specific exemplary embodiments of the present invention have been presented for purposes of illustration and description. They are not intended to be exhaustive or to limit the invention to the precise forms disclosed, and obviously many modifications and variations are possible in light of the above teachings. The exemplary embodiments were chosen and described in order to explain certain principles of the invention and their practical application, to thereby enable others skilled in the art to make and utilize various exemplary embodiments of the present invention, as well as various alternatives and modifications thereof. It is intended that the scope of the invention be defined by the Claims appended hereto and their equivalents. 

What is claimed is:
 1. A planetary gear train of an automatic transmission for a vehicle, comprising: an input shaft for receiving an engine torque; an output shaft for outputting a shifted torque; a first planetary gear set including first, second, and third rotation elements; a second planetary gear set including fourth, fifth, and sixth rotation elements; a third planetary gear set including seventh, eighth, and ninth rotation elements; a fourth planetary gear set including tenth, eleventh, and twelfth rotation elements; a first shaft interconnecting the first rotation element and the fourth rotation element; a second shaft interconnecting the second rotation element and the sixth rotation element; a third shaft connected to the third rotation element; a fourth shaft interconnecting the fifth rotation element and the seventh rotation element and directly connected to the input shaft; a fifth shaft connected to the eighth rotation element; a sixth shaft interconnecting the ninth rotation element and the eleventh rotation element and selectively connectable to the second shaft; a seventh shaft connected to the tenth rotation element and selectively connectable to the second shaft and the fifth shaft respectively; and an eighth shaft connected to the twelfth rotation element, selectively connectable to the fifth shaft, and directly connected to the output shaft.
 2. The planetary gear train of claim 1, wherein the first shaft and the third shaft are selectively connectable to a transmission housing respectively.
 3. The planetary gear train of claim 1, wherein: the first, second, and third rotation elements comprise a first sun gear, a first planet carrier, and a first ring gear of the first planetary gear set; the fourth, fifth, and sixth rotation elements comprise a second sun gear, a second planet carrier, and a second ring gear of the second planetary gear set; the seventh, eighth, and ninth rotation elements comprise a third sun gear, a third planet carrier, and a third ring gear of the third planetary gear set; and the tenth, eleventh, and twelfth rotation elements comprise a fourth sun gear, a fourth planet carrier, and a fourth ring gear of the fourth planetary gear set.
 4. The planetary gear train of claim 2, further comprising: a first clutch selectively connecting the fifth shaft and the eighth shaft; a second clutch selectively connecting the second shaft and the sixth shaft; a third clutch selectively connecting the second shaft and the seventh shaft; a fourth clutch selectively connecting the fifth shaft and the seventh shaft; a first brake selectively connecting the first shaft and the transmission housing; and a second brake selectively connecting the third shaft and the transmission housing.
 5. A planetary gear train of an automatic transmission for a vehicle, comprising: an input shaft for receiving an engine torque; an output shaft for outputting a shifted torque; a first planetary gear set including first, second, and third rotation elements; a second planetary gear set including fourth, fifth, and sixth rotation elements; a third planetary gear set including seventh, eighth, and ninth rotation elements; and a fourth planetary gear set including tenth, eleventh, and twelfth rotation elements, wherein the input shaft is directly connected to the fifth rotation element, the output shaft is directly connected to the twelfth rotation element, the first rotation element is directly connected to the fourth rotation element, the second rotation element is directly connected to the sixth rotation element, the fifth rotation element is directly connected to the seventh rotation element, the ninth rotation element is directly connected to the eleventh rotation element, the tenth rotation element is selectively connectable to the sixth rotation element and the eighth rotation element respectively, the eleventh rotation element is selectively connectable to the sixth rotation element, and the twelfth rotation element is selectively connectable to the eighth rotation element.
 6. The planetary gear train of claim 5, wherein the first rotation element and the third rotation element are selectively connectable to a transmission housing respectively.
 7. The planetary gear train of claim 5, wherein: the first, second, and third rotation elements comprise a first sun gear, a first planet carrier, and a first ring gear of the first planetary gear set; the fourth, fifth, and sixth rotation elements comprise a second sun gear, a second planet carrier, and a second ring gear of the second planetary gear set; the seventh, eighth, and ninth rotation elements comprise a third sun gear, a third planet carrier, and a third ring gear of the third planetary gear set; and the tenth, eleventh, and twelfth rotation elements comprise a fourth sun gear, a fourth planet carrier, and a fourth ring gear of the fourth planetary gear set.
 8. The planetary gear train of claim 6, further comprising: a first clutch selectively connecting the eighth rotation element and the twelfth rotation element; a second clutch selectively connecting the sixth rotation element and the eleventh rotation element; a third clutch selectively connecting the sixth rotation element and the tenth rotation element; a fourth clutch selectively connecting the eighth rotation element and the tenth rotation element; a first brake selectively connecting the first rotation element and the transmission housing; and a second brake selectively connecting the third rotation element and the transmission housing. 